LIGNOCAINE (LIDOCAINE)

Indications & Dose:

Infiltration anaesthesia

• BY LOCAL INFILTRATION

Adult: Dose to be given according to patient’s weight and nature of procedure; max. 200 mg, maximum dose 500mg if given in solutions containing adrenaline

DOSES AT EXTREMES OF BODY-WEIGHT

When used by local infiltration To avoid excessive dosage in obese patients, weight-based doses for non-emergency indications may need to be calculated on the basis of ideal body-weight.

Intravenous regional anaesthesia and nerve block

• BY REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION

Adult: Seek expert advice

Pain relief (in anal fissures, haemorrhoids, pruritus ani, pruritus vulvae, herpes zoster, or herpes labialis)

Lubricant in cystoscopy

Lubricant in proctoscopy

TO THE SKIN USING OINTMENT

Adult: Apply 1–2 mL as required, avoid long-term use Sore nipples from breast-feeding

TO THE SKIN USING OINTMENT

Adult: Apply using gauze and wash off immediately

TOP (jelly): anesthesia of urethra, anesthetic lubricant for endotracheal intubation

Adult and Child

• LOCAL varies with procedure, degree of anesthesia desired, vascularity of tissue, duration of anesthesia required, and physical condition of patient; max 4.5 mg/kg/dose, do not repeat within 2 hr

• TOP apply to affected area prn, max 3 mg/kg/ dose, do not repeat within 2 hr

Contraindications:

 Hypersensitivity to amide anesthetics, heart block (large doses), septicemia (spinal anesthesia); ophth use (top preparations), spinal anesthesia (preparations containing preservatives) 

Side Effects:

CNS: Anxiety, disorientation, drowsiness, loss of consciousness, restlessness, seizures, shivering, tremors

CV: Bradycardia, cardiac arrest, dysrhythmics, hypertension., hypotension, myocardial depression

EENT: Blurred vision; pupil- constriction, tinnitus

GI: Nausea, vomiting

RESP: Respiratory arrest, status asthmaticus

SKIN: Allergic reactions, burning, edema, irritation, rash, sensitization (top), skin discoloration at inj site, tissue necrosis; urticaria 

Cautions:

Precautions:

Inflammation, sepsis, shock,

elderly, children, severe liver disease.

Breastfeeding: use with caution.

Old age: May be used.

Pregnancy: May be used

Interaction:

Drugs

Disopyramide: Induction of dysrhythmia or heart failure in predisposed patients

Metoprolol, nadolol, propranolol, cimetidine: Increased serum lidocaine concentrations

Warnings:

Adverse Effects:

Lactations:

Special Precautions:

Counselling:

Side Effects Or Adverse Reactions:

Patient And Carer Advice: