| ID | 150 |
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| Name | LEUKEMIAS |
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| Introduction | Leukemias are a group of malignant disorders of the hematopoietic tissues characteristically associated with an uncontrolled increased number of primitive white cells (blasts) in the bone marrow and/or peripheral blood. This increased and uncontrolled production of leucocytic cells in the bone marrow also infiltrates other tissues of the body leading to hemorrhage or infection. Resulting death most often from hemorrhage or infection. The specific cause of the leukemia is unknown but several factors are konwn to be associated with the development of leukemia. |
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| Types | Classification of Leukemia: WHO classification2 A. Acute type: 1. Acute lymphoblastic “leukemia (ALL) i. Precursor B ALL. ii. Precursor TALL.. 2. Acute myeloid (myeloblastic) leukemia (AML) i. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with recurrent genetic abnormalities. a. AML with gene product AML/ETO. b. AML with eosinophilia invort, gene product CBFP/MYH11. c. Acute promyelocytic leukemia, gene product PML/RARA. d. AML with Ilq23 abnormalities (MLL). ii. Acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia, e.g- a. Following a myelodysplastic syndrome. iii. Acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes, therapy-related, e.g- a. Alkylating agent or topoisomerage II inhibitor. iv. Acute myeloid leukemia not otherwise specified, e.g- a. AML with or without differentiation, b. Acute myelomonocyte leukemia, c. Erythroleukemia, d. Megakaryoblastic leukemia, e. Myeloid sarcoma. B. Chronic type: 1. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) 2. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) |
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