| ID | 187 |
|---|---|
| Name | WHOOPING COUGH |
| Cause | |
| Signs Symptoms | |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis: 1. Bordetella pertussis may be isolated by culture of per nasal swabs or cough plates. 2. Blood examination shows lymphocytosis. W.B.C. count is increased. |
| Investigations | |
| Management | |
| Introduction | This is due to respiratory infection caused by Bordetella pertussis. The disease most commonly affects infants. Incubation period is 7-14 days. |
| History | |
| Etiology | |
| Clinical Features | Clinical features: Classically there are three stages- 1. Catarrhal stage- lasting for about one week during which conjunctivitis, rhinitis and an unproductive cough are present. 2. Paroxysmal stage- follows and is characterized by severe bouts of coughing. Initially the cough is short, later gathering in speed and duration and ending in a deep inspiration & produces a characteristic sound ‘whoop’ The last paroxysm frequently ends with vomiting. 3. Convalescent stage- during which the cough becomes less frequent and the sputum less tenaceous. |
| Preventions | Prevention: DPT vaccine- 0.5 ml i.m injection is given within 6 weeks to 6 months at 1 month interval, 3 doses then booster doses should be given, (please see immunisation schedule). |
| Treatment | Treatments: 1. Nursing is best carried out by mother. 2. During spasm- a. Lift the child immediately from the cot. b. Hold the baby in head down position, c. Pat the back till the spasm is over. 3. Feed should be small and frequent immediately after spasm. 4. Drugs- a. Tr. Belladona & syp. codeine phosphate in appropriate doses for spasm, b. Erythromycin or Ampicillin 50mg/kg. daily orally for 10 days. 5. Postural drainage and physiotherapy for atelectasis. |
| Complications | Complications: Bronchopneumonia, segmental or lobar collapse, bronchiectasis, subconjunctival hemorrhage, prolapse of the rectum etc. |
| Prognosis | |
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| Classification | |
| Observation | |
| Pathology |
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