| ID | 251 |
|---|---|
| Name | FRACTURE OF THE PATELLA |
| Cause | Caused by two types of injuries: 1. A sudden violent contraction of the quadriceps muscle (indirect)- causes transverse fracture with 2 fragments. 2. A fall or blow directly on the knee cap- causes stellate fracture with multiple fragments. |
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| Treatment | Treatment: A. Crack fracture without displacement: 1. If there is painfully tense hemarthrosis the blood should be aspirated. 2. A plaster extending from groin to malleoli with the knee in a position just short of full extension, should be worn for 3 weeks. 3. There after active exercise is practised untill full function is restored. B. Clean break with separation of fragments: Open reduction & internal fixation by: 1. The fragments should be coaped accurately and fixed together rigidly by- a tension band wiring. 2. Encirclage wiring. C. Comminuted fracture: Excision of the patella & reconstruction of tendon with quadriceps by steel wire. |
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| Types | Types of patellar fractures: A. Crack fracture without displacement. B. Clean break with separation of fragments. C. Comminuted fracture with displacements. |
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