| ID | 332 |
|---|---|
| Name | ANTENATAL CARE ( Read in Management) |
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| Management | This includes: 1 . Antenatal examination and 2. Advices given to the pregnant woman. Objectives of antenatal care: 1. To maintain the mother in health of body and mind. 2. To anticipate difficulties and complications of labour. 3. To ensure the birth of a healthy infant. 4. To help the mother rear the child. 5. To sensitize the mother to the need for family planning. Ideal antenatal visits: 1. Once a month upto 28 weeks. 2. Twice a month untill 36 weeks. 3. Then once a week untill the onset of labour. 1st visit should be in the first month of pregnancy or whenever possible. First antenatal visit (Booking visit): A. History taking - 1. General medical history - Any serious illness; cardiac or renal diseases, diabetes; blood transfusion; previous surgical or gynecological operation etc. 2. Family history- hypertension; twin; diabetes. 3. Past obstetric history- previous pregnancy & labour; abortion; premature labour; I.U.D; P.P.H; eclampsia; instrumental delivery etc. 4. History of present pregnancy- L.M.P; cycle normal/irregular; use of oral contraceptives. B. Examinations - 1 General exam- height, weight, development; gait; deformity; anemia, jaundice, oedema; heart; lungs; pulse, B.P; urine for albumin and sugar; Hb%; V.D.R.L. blood group. 2. Obstetrical exam- breast; abdomen; F.H.S; P/V exam; position of uterus; size of uterus; any ovarian cyst; fibroid; cervical smear; cytological exam.; pregnancy test etc. C. Advice to the mother- 1. Diet (daily requirement)- 2 litres of water to prevent urinary infection; 2 pint milk, some vegetables for constipation; protein- l00gm, fat-l00gm, iron- 20mg, Ca- Img, vitamin D- 800 i.u, vitamin A- 8000 i.u. 2. Rest- 1-2 hours at noon & sound sleep at night. 3. Exercise-getting out of home in open air. 4. Travel- air travel is safe. 5. Coitus- avoid 1st trimester for abortion and near at term or last 6 weeks for infection. 6. Immunization- the mother should be immunized against tetanus by Inj. tetanus toxoid. 7. Dental hygiene. 8. Clothing- loose clothing. 9. Care of breast & nipple. |
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