| ID | 402 |
|---|---|
| Name | IMPETIGO CONTAGIOSA |
| Cause | Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. |
| Signs Symptoms | red, itchy sores that break open and leak a clear fluid or pus for a few days. Next, a crusty yellow or “honey-colored” scab forms over the sore, which then heals without leaving a scar. |
| Diagnosis | A dermatologist can often diagnose impetigo by looking at your skin. |
| Investigations | Gram stain or culture of the exudate or pus from an impetigo lesion can identify the bacterial cause; however, laboratory testing is not necessary nor routinely performed in clinical practice |
| Management | a topical ointment for only a few sores. Oral antibiotics can be used when there are more sores. |
| Introduction | a common infection of the superficial layers of the epidermis that is highly contagious and most commonly caused by gram-positive bacteria |
| History | |
| Etiology | Impetigo occurs when the skin becomes infected with bacteria, usually either Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes |
| Clinical Features | Clinical features: This is a contagious superficial skin infection mainly due to Staphylococcus and less commonly to Streptococcus. The lesion is characterised by blisters ranging in size from small vesicles to large bullc. Severe extensive lesions may result in wide area of eroded skin giving the appearance of “scalded” skin. Fluid and electrolyte loss can occur. Septiccmia can result. |
| Preventions | Appropriate personal hygiene and frequent body and hair washing with soap and clean, running water is important to help prevent impetigo |
| Treatment | Treatment: 1. Smear for gram stain and swab for C/S should be sent. 2. Strict isolation. 3. Topical therapy- blisters are pricked, daily potassium permanganate wash and flavine dressing done. Antibiotic ointment containing bacitracin, fucidin or tetracycline may be used. 4. Systemic antibiotic are usually indicated except for mild cases cloxacillin or flucloxacillin is the drug of choice. |
| Complications | Cellulitis. Cellulitis occurs when the infection spreads to a deeper layer of skin. ... Guttate psoriasis. ... Scarlet fever. ... Septicaemia. ... Scarring. ... Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. ... Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. |
| Prognosis | Impetigo isn't usually serious and often clears up without treatment after two to three weeks |
| Types | There are two main types of impetigo, known as non-bullous and bullous impetigo, |
| Classification | There are two main types of impetigo, known as non-bullous and bullous impetigo, |
| Observation | |
| Pathology |
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