| ID | 403 |
|---|---|
| Name | NAPY RASH |
| Cause | This refers to an eczematous eruption in the diaper area. The 2 commonest causes are: 1. Primary irritant contact dermatitis eg. urine or fecal material. 2. Infections eg. moniliasis or staphylococcal infec-tion. |
| Signs Symptoms | Signs and symptoms of diaper rash include: Inflamed skin in the diaper area — buttocks, thighs and genitals. Itchy, tender skin in the diaper area. Sores in the diaper area. Discomfort, fussiness or crying, especially during diaper changes. |
| Diagnosis | There may be red patches on your baby's bottom, or the whole area may be red. Their skin may look sore and feel hot to touch, and there may be spots, pimples or blisters. Most babies with mild nappy rash don't feel sore, but if the rash is severe your baby may feel uncomfortable and be distressed. |
| Investigations | |
| Management | Treating nappy rash Change wet or dirty nappies as soon as possible. Clean the whole nappy area gently but thoroughly, wiping from front to back. ... Bath your baby daily – but avoid bathing them more than twice a day as that may dry out their skin. Dry your baby gently after washing them – avoid vigorous rubbing. |
| Introduction | Diaper rash is a common form of irritated skin (dermatitis) that looks like patches of inflamed skin on your baby's bottom. It's often related to wet or infrequently changed diapers, skin sensitivity, and chafing. It usually affects babies, though anyone who wears a diaper regularly can develop the condition |
| History | |
| Etiology | |
| Clinical Features | Signs and symptoms of diaper rash include: Inflamed skin in the diaper area — buttocks, thighs and genitals. Itchy, tender skin in the diaper area. Sores in the diaper area. Discomfort, fussiness or crying, especially during diaper changes |
| Preventions | Dry your baby gently after washing them – avoid vigorous rubbing. Lie your baby on a towel and leave their nappy off for as long and as often as you can to let fresh air get to their skin. Do not use soap, bubble bath, or lotions. Do not use talcum powder as it contains ingredients that could irritate your baby's skin |
| Treatment | Treatment: 1. Keep the area dry by frequent napkin changes. The affected area may be exposed to air. 2. Remove fecal material from the skin without delay, clean the area adequately with warm water. 3. Mild Cases- protective cream e.g Zinc oxide. Ammonium chloride or Drapolene cream is sufficient. 4. More extensive cases- hydrocortisone cream 0.5-1% is used. 5. Secondary candidal infection may occur and is indicated by whitish sodden scaling at the margin of the rash. This is treated with Nystatin cream or topical gention violet paint. 6. Secondary bacterial infection is treated with appropriate oral and topical antibiotics. |
| Complications | Complications Changes in skin color. In babies with brown and Black skin, diaper rash might cause the affected area to lighten (post-inflammatory hypopigmentation). Mild hypopigmentation usually clears up in a few weeks. ... Infection. Diaper rash can develop into a severe infection that doesn't respond to treatment. |
| Prognosis | |
| Types | Types of diaper rash Irritant contact dermatitis diaper rash. When skin becomes irritated by something touching it, the result is irritant contact dermatitis. ... Allergic contact dermatitis. ... Yeast (Candida) diaper rash. ... Bacterial diaper rash. ... Strep diaper rash. ... Hand, foot, and mouth disease. |
| Classification | |
| Observation | |
| Pathology | The most common cause is irritant contact dermatitis due to occlusive diapers and prolonged exposure to urine and feces. Candida infection is the second most common cause, but superimposed infection by bacterial microorganisms can also develop. Management is based on good hygiene and diaper area skincar |
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