Renal Failure, Chronic

Alternate Name:

Test:

S.creatinine (H), creatinine clearance (L), S.urate(N or H), U.SG (L), S.sodium (AB, often H), S.po­tassium (N or H), S.bicarbonate (L), S.magne­slum (L), &calcium (L or N), S.phosphate (N or H), S.sulfate (H), S. protein (L), U.calcium (L), U.protein (+ or -), Hb (L), GTT (AB), S.glucose (N), S.triglycerides (H), S.ALP (H), B.pH (L), U.pH (L), BUN (H)

Sign:

Ankle clonus, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, exoph-thalmos, pericardial friction rub, Hess test, nail discolouration, Kussmaul's breathing

Dd:

Glomerulonephritis, renal vascular disease, poly-cystic disease, pyelonephritis, drug nephropathy, congenital hypoplasia

Phys:

Due to chronic damage to the kidneys caused by one or more of many factors